Size: tree, 40-60' average height at maturity
Buds: imbricate, terminal absent, laterals grayish, flattened, roughly triangular, .25", 2-ranked
Leaves: deciduous, alternate, 2-5" long, simple, ovate to oblong-ovate, tips acute to acuminate, serrate except at base, light to medium green, yellow or yellow-green in fall
Twigs: pubescent
Flowers: monoecious or dioescious, inconspicuous yellow-green, solitary, in leaf axils, some perfect
Fruit: fleshy drupe, .33", dark purple when ripe, on 1-2" pedicel
Bark: grayish, wartlike projections and ridges, scaly when older
