Size: shrub, 4-10' average height and spread at maturity
Buds: oblong-ovoid, .25-.5" long, reddish brown, resinous
Leaves: evergreen, 2 needles per fascicle, which are often closely grouped together, short (1-3"), rigid, curved, margins finely toothed, medium to dark green, often yellow-green in winter
Twigs: prominent ridges, decurrent lines, green when young, later brown or blackish brown, often bushy with several stems, may be very short and dense
Flowers: monoecious
Fruit: ovoid to conical ovoid, 1-2" long, .5-1" wide, gray-black at maturity
Bark: gray-brown, scaly, in irregular plates
